Molecular and Biochemical Diagnosis Journal
Molecular and Biochemical Diagnosis Journal
Molecular and Biochemical Diagnosis Journal
Medical Sciences
http://mbd.modares.ac.ir
1
admin
2383-0522
2476-6607
2267
en
jalali
1394
12
1
gregorian
2016
3
1
2
1
online
1
fulltext
en
Frequency and expression of mutacin and putative bacteriocin genes in isolated Streptococcus mutans and its antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
<strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Abstract </span></strong>
Background:
<span style="font-size: small;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">Streptococcus mutans </span></em></span></em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">in the oral cavities sable to produce mutacin (bacteriocin-like substances) with antibiotic properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and expression of genes encoding mutacins typeI, II, III and IV and also two of 8 genes in a cluster encoding the putative bacteriocins, the designated bsm 283, bsm 299, bsm 423, bsm 1889c, bsm 1892c, bsm 1896, bsm 1906c and bsm 1914, were also screened by PCR and specific primers for each type of mutacin biosynthesis gene and then mutacin activity against the indicator strains determined. </span></span></span>
Methods
<strong><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">: In this study, dental clinic samples were collocated; </span></span><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">Streptococcus mutans </span></em></span></em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">was detected using biochemical tests and molecular methods (PCR). Frequency of mutacin biosynthesis genes types I, II, III and IV, bsm299 and bsm1899 were measured by PCR, using specific primers for each type of mutacin biosynthesis gene. Furthermore, the antimicrobial spectra of </span></span><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">Streptococcus mutans </span></em></span></em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">isolates against other indicators, including </span></span><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">Staphylococcus aureus</span></em></span></em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">, </span></span><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">Staphylococcus epidermidis</span></em></span></em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">, </span></span><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">Enterococcus faecalis</span></em></span></em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">, </span></span><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">Salmonella typhi</span></em></span></em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">, </span></span><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">Pseudomonas</span></em></span></em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">, </span></span><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">Escherichia coli </span></em></span></em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">were evaluated using well diffusion, disk diffusion and the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) methods. </span></span></span></strong>
Results
<strong><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">: Out of 56 samples collected from patients referred to Milad Hospital dental clinic on October 2011 and three private dental clinics on November 2011, 24 strains of </span></span><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">Streptococcus mutans </span></em></span></em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">produced mutacins. 67.52% of the strains had a wide antimicrobial spectrum and 37.5% of 67.5% had a high frequency of genes with more inhibitory activity against, S</span></span><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">taphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus </span></em></span></em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">and </span></span><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">Enterococcus faecalis </span></em></span></em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">respectively that are more related to putative bacteriocins. The expression frequency of the bsm gene (putative bacteriocins) was higher than that of the characterized mutacins types (I–IV). The lowest dilution rate mutacin was found against </span></span><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">Staphylococcus epidermidis </span></em></span></em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">(0.0625 unit/mL). </span></span></span></strong>
Conclusion
<strong><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">: These findings suggested that all putative bacteriocins may represent a large repertoire of inhibitory substances produced by </span></span><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">Streptococcus mutans</span></em></span></em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">. Therefore, the high diversity of mutacin-producing phenotypes, associated with high frequency of expression of the biosynthesis genes screened and wide antimicrobial activity against </span></span><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">Staphylococcus epidermidis </span></em></span></em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">could be used as safe antimicrobial agents in treatment of superficial infections such as, removing the pimple caused by </span></span><em><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman;">Staphylococcus epidermidis. </span></span></em></span></strong>
Antimicrobial,Mutacin,Streptococcus mutans,Gram-Positive Bacteria
27
41
http://mbd.modares.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1000-6586&slc_lang=en&sid=8
Mandana
Salehizadeh
Mandana
Salehizadeh
100319475328460064011
100319475328460064011
Yes
Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University (Tehran Olom Tahghighat), Tehran, IR Iran
Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University (Tehran Olom Tahghighat), Tehran, IR Iran
Mitra
Salehi
Mitra
Salehi
100319475328460064010
100319475328460064010
No
Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, IR Iran
Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, IR Iran
Mohamad Reza
Falahiyan
Mohamad Reza
Falahiyan
100319475328460064009
100319475328460064009
No
Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, IR Iran
Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, IR Iran